Preparation

• Whiteboard or chart paper

• Markers or pens

• Samples or pictures of composting materials (e.g., vegetable scraps, soil, leaves)

• A diagram or poster illustrating the composting process

• Handouts on composting facts and benefits

• Optional: A small compost bin for demonstration (real or model)

3. Lesson Structure

Introduction (10 minutes)

• Begin by asking students:

  • “What do you know about composting?”

  • “Why do you think people compost?”

  • “What happens to food waste if we don’t compost it?”

• Write their answers on the board.

Key Transition Statement:

"Today, we’re going to learn why composting is not just about reducing waste but also about improving our planet in several ways."

Instruction (20 minutes)

• What is Composting? (5 minutes)

  • Define composting: The natural process of recycling organic matter, like food scraps and leaves, into a valuable fertilizer that enriches soil.

  • Explain the composting process: Breakdown of organic materials by microorganisms, turning waste into nutrient-rich compost.

Visual Aid: Show a diagram or video of the composting cycle.

• Benefits of Composting (15 minutes)

  Environmental Benefits:

  • Reduces landfill waste (less methane gas production).

  • Improves soil health and reduces the need for chemical fertilizers.

  • Conserves water by helping soil retain moisture.

  Economic Benefits:

  • Saves money by reducing waste disposal costs.

  • Provides free, nutrient-rich fertilizer for gardens.

  Community Benefits:

  • Strengthens local agriculture.

  • Teaches responsibility and sustainability.

  • Reduces the community's carbon footprint.

Activity: "True or False?" Quiz

• Prepare 5–6 statements about composting, and ask students to guess if they are true or false. Example:

  • “Composting reduces greenhouse gas emissions.” (True)

  • “You can compost plastic items.” (False)

Hands-On Activity (15 minutes)

Option 1: Build a Mini Compost Bin

• Provide clear instructions and materials: plastic bottle or small container, soil, organic scraps, and leaves.

• Demonstrate how to layer these items to start a compost bin.

Option 2: Sorting Game

• Prepare a mix of "compostable" and "non-compostable" items (real or images).

• Ask students to sort them into the correct categories.

Wrap-Up and Reflection (10 minutes)

Discussion Questions:

• “What did you find most surprising about composting?”

• “How can you start composting at home or in your school?”

Take Home Challenge:

Assign students to research and implement a composting method at home or in their community, and share their experience in the next class.

4. Assessment

• Participation in discussions and activities.

• Answers to the "True or False?" quiz.

• Reflection on how they can apply composting in daily life.